Are The Iliad and The Odyssey worth reading?

The Iliad and The Odyssey are foundational epics that offer timeless insights into human nature, war, and the journey home, remaining highly relevant and accessible today.

Are The Iliad and The Odyssey worth reading?
AI-generated image
The facts

Yes, The Iliad and The Odyssey are widely considered worth reading for their foundational role in Western literature and their timeless exploration of human nature. The Iliad delves into the rage of Achilles and the brutal realities of the Trojan War, examining themes of honor, mortality, and the consequences of pride. The Odyssey follows Odysseus's arduous ten-year journey home, blending adventure with themes of perseverance, identity, and the longing for home. Both epics offer profound insights into ancient Greek culture while remaining remarkably relevant to modern readers, as they address universal human experiences such as love, loss, loyalty, and the search for meaning. Accessible modern translations make them approachable for contemporary audiences, and they continue to influence countless works of art, literature, and thought.

Answered by 100 of history's most famous minds

Jesus of Nazareth
Jesus of Nazareth c. 4 BC – AD 30/33 · Jewish teacher whose life founded Christianity

A man who rages and slaughters for honor, and another who lies his way home - these are stories of men stumbling in the dark. But the Father sends rain on the just and the unjust alike. If you seek the kingdom, ask rather: does this tale teach you to love your enemy and forgive as you have been forgiven? The rest is vanity.

Muhammad
Muhammad c. 570–632 · Prophet of Islam who united Arabia under one faith

The One God sent scriptures with guidance, not tales of quarreling kings and deceitful wanderers. These stories mix truth with fancy, and a believer must weigh every word against the clear Book. If you seek wisdom, turn to what is revealed - yet if you read to learn the ways of ignorant times, do so with eyes open to God's light.

Gautama Buddha
Gautama Buddha c. 563–483 BC · Sage whose awakening founded Buddhism

These tales are like the arrows of a skilled archer - they pierce the heart of suffering, but only if one does not cling to the bow. Achilles's wrath is the thirst that can never be quenched; Odysseus's journey is the endless wandering of the mind from desire to desire. Read them, but read them as one who watches the flame of a lamp: see how it flickers, how it feeds on oil, how it must go out. The true home is not Ithaca, but the still point where craving ends.

Moses
Moses c. 13th century BC (traditional) · Hebrew prophet and lawgiver of the Exodus

The Lord commanded that we remember the days of old, the years of many generations, that we might walk in His ways. Yet these songs sing of gods like cattle in a stall, and of heroes who break faith and shed blood for a woman's face. Better to read the law and the prophets, where you will learn what is just and what the Lord requires of you.

Confucius
Confucius 551–479 BC · Chinese sage of ethics, family, and social order

When a disciple once asked whether the ancient songs of war and wandering should still be studied, I replied: If you read them with an ear for virtue, you may learn that anger destroys a man as fire destroys a forest, and that the longing for home, when guided by duty, perfects the heart. But if you read only for the marvels and battles, you gain no more than a child chasing sparks. A gentleman does not ask whether a text is old or new, but whether it refines his character and teaches him his proper place in the order of things. Homer's poems are a mirror: the wise see their own need for self-cultivation; the foolish see only monsters.

Paul the Apostle
Paul the Apostle c. AD 5 – c. 64/67 · Apostle whose letters shaped Christian theology

Let no one boast in the wisdom of Homer, for the world through its wisdom did not know God. These epics sing of wrath and wandering, but the true story is of a different journey - from darkness to light, from sin to grace. Read them if you will, but remember that the only song that saves is the one about a cross.

Abraham
Abraham c. 2nd millennium BC (traditional) · Patriarch and father of the monotheistic faiths

I picked up my staff and walked into a land I'd never seen because a Voice promised me a country. That Voice speaks in Homer's pages too - through the crash of waves and the howl of a god's anger. These stories are worth any man's time, for they show how the righteous and the wicked alike are held in the palm of a Power we cannot see.

Laozi
Laozi 6th century BC (traditional) · Sage of the Tao and founder of Taoism

A river carved a thousand years does not ask if it is worth flowing. These tales are like water - they have worn their channels through many minds. To read them is to wade in a stream that was here before your grandfather's grandfather. The question is not whether they are worth reading, but whether you can drink without gulping.

Guru Nanak
Guru Nanak 1469–1539 · Founder of Sikhism and first Sikh Guru

These are songs of a world where men worshiped many gods and forgot the One who is Truth. Yet within them are echoes of the Name: Odysseus learns humility and the longing for home, which is the soul's longing for the Beloved. Read them, but do not let the clatter of armor drown the still voice. Let the story remind you that no journey is longer than the one from pride to devotion.

Mary, Mother of Jesus
Mary, Mother of Jesus c. 1st century BC – 1st century AD · Mother of Jesus, venerated across Christianity and Islam

When the angel came to me in Nazareth, I did not ask for a story of wars or wanderings. But I have learned that God speaks through all that is written, if our hearts are open. In those songs of ancient heroes, I see what happens when men forget the Lord - how pride brings down the mighty, how a mother weeps for her son. Yet even in their darkness, there is a longing for home, for peace, for a love that endures. My son knew those books, and he fulfilled what they could only shadow.

Martin Luther
Martin Luther 1483–1546 · Reformer whose theses sparked the Reformation

I tell you plainly: those pagan fables are full of lies and idolatry, yet even the Apostle Paul quoted the poets. A Christian may read them as a physician reads a sick man's urine - to know the disease of the human heart. But do not let them stand where Scripture alone should rule. I would rather give my children the Catechism than a hundred Odysseys, for faith comes by hearing the Word, not by wandering with a wily Greek.

Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas 1225–1274 · Theologian who fused faith with Aristotle's reason

Let us distinguish two questions: whether these poems are well-made, and whether they are profitable to read. On the first, even Augustine praised Homer's art, though he wept for Dido. On the second, I answer that all truth, wherever found, is from the Holy Spirit, but error must be rejected. The Iliad and Odyssey contain much that is good - the love of Penelope, the piety of Aeneas - but also much that is vain: the gods' quarrels, the heroes' pride. Read them as you would read any work of human reason: with discernment, seeking the gold, leaving the dross.

Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa 1910–1997 · Nun who served the poorest and dying of Kolkata

In the streets of Kalighat, I saw a man dying with no one to hold his hand. The Homeric heroes fight for glory that fades with the sun. But the widow who is forgotten, the leper who is shunned - these are the ones Christ calls us to see. If you read those old songs, read them quickly, and then go serve the living who have no songs sung for them. That is the better poem.

Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton 1643–1727 · Physicist who unified motion and universal gravitation

The motion of celestial bodies yields to mathematics, yet these poems capture the passions that move men to war and wandering. I find more certainty in falling apples and refracted light; but if one wishes to observe the human soul in its primal orbit, these ancient tales offer a phenomenology worth studying.

Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein 1879–1955 · Physicist who reframed space, time, and gravity

The Iliad and the Odyssey are worth reading not for their historical accuracy - those bronze-clad kings and their quarrels are as dust - but because they reveal how the human mind, even in its infancy, wrestled with time, fate, and the yearning for home. Homer's universe, with its gods who play dice with mortal lives, is a grand thought experiment: what does it mean to be a finite being in a cosmos that seems both ordered and capricious? These poems are a window into the deep structure of human experience - the longing for return is a kind of gravity, and honor is a field that warps around each hero's path.

Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin 1809–1882 · Naturalist who discovered evolution by natural selection

I find in these poems a curious record of human nature under conditions of war and separation - behaviors that natural selection shaped long before Homer sang. Achilles's rage is a maladaptive trait in a cooperative species, yet it persists because it once signaled fitness; Odysseus's cunning is a clever adaptation for survival in a hostile world. The epics are a kind of fossil record of our social instincts. What strikes me most is the longing for home - a powerful adaptation that drove our ancestors to return to kin and raise young in a familiar nest.

Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei 1564–1642 · Astronomer who championed the heliocentric universe

Shall we value a treatise on the heavens because it is ancient, or because it is true? Homer's epics are not demonstrations but fables - magnificent fables, I grant, but as far from the nature of things as my Dialogue is from a cookbook. Read them for delight, by all means, but do not mistake a beautiful poem for a faithful measurement of the world.

Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus 1473–1543 · Astronomer who placed the Sun at the center

I have long observed that the heavens are simpler and more harmonious than the tangled movements the ancients described. Similarly, these epics, though veiled in the language of gods and monsters, circle around a single elegant truth: that the human spirit is the center of its own journey. The Iliad reveals how wrath throws the soul's order into chaos; the Odyssey shows how reason and perseverance can guide one back to a true home. Are they worth reading? Only if you wish to see the same pattern - a search for a simpler, more beautiful order - that I found in the Sun.

Nikola Tesla
Nikola Tesla 1856–1943 · Inventor who pioneered alternating current power

Homer’s epics are the alternating current of the human soul - one surges with rage, the other with longing, both vibrating at a frequency that resonates through all ages. I imagine a day when wireless energy will power the world, and these stories will still be the dynamos of our imagination. Read them to understand the voltage of your own spirit.

Marie Curie
Marie Curie 1867–1934 · Physicist and chemist who pioneered radioactivity

The Iliad and Odyssey are the radioactive ore of Western literature - decaying slowly, releasing rays that illuminate every text that came after. To skip them is to ignore the laws that governed the birth of storytelling. Like polonium, they are dangerous and brilliant; study them carefully, and you will understand the atomic structure of human drama.

Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur 1822–1895 · Chemist who founded germ theory and vaccination

I would examine them as I would a flask of broth under the microscope. The Iliad is a culture medium - one grows from it the microbes of honor, rage, and the wages of pride. The Odyssey distills perseverance, identity, and the instinct to return. Both have been tested for centuries; their active principles remain potent. That is the only experiment that matters.

Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison 1847–1931 · Inventor of the practical light bulb and phonograph

I spent a lot of nights in a lab trying a thousand filaments before one lit up. Homer spent a lot of nights on a beach turning a campfire tale into a story that still lights up brains. The Iliad is a prototype - rough, bloody, but it works on every generation. The Odyssey is like a phonograph: once you hear it, you're stuck on the tune. I'd say they've passed the most important test: they still sell.

Alan Turing
Alan Turing 1912–1954 · Mathematician who founded computer science and AI

I would ask: is the experience of reading them a computable function? Given sufficient time and translation, one can extract patterns - the rage cycle of Achilles, the obstacle-space of Odysseus. But the question 'worth reading' is not decidable by any universal machine. It depends on initial conditions: your curiosity, your tolerance for hexameter. I found them engaging as formal problems of narrative logic.

Archimedes
Archimedes c. 287–212 BC · Greek genius of mathematics and mechanics

A man who cannot measure the arc of a thrown spear or calculate the volume of a helmet has no business judging such works. But I have listened to those songs while drawing my diagrams, and I find them geometrically satisfying: each episode a lever that moves the soul. The Odyssey is a spiral - every return a proof that home is the circle's center. Read them, but not without your compass.

Michael Faraday
Michael Faraday 1791–1867 · Self-taught pioneer of electromagnetism

I cannot read Greek, but I have seen how a single spark, passed through a coil, can bend a compass needle at a distance - invisible lines of force linking cause to effect. If these poems are the coil and we the needle, then the impulse from that ancient quarrel still reaches us, deflecting our thoughts as surely as the loadstone turns iron. That is worth studying, not for the metal itself, but for the field it reveals.

Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud 1856–1939 · Founder of psychoanalysis and the unconscious mind

Achilles sulks in his tent because his war-bride is taken; Odysseus lingers with Calypso because the nymph offers eternal pleasure without the toil of return. These are not tales of heroism - they are case studies in the pleasure principle and the reality principle locked in conflict. The Iliad is a tantrum of the id; the Odyssey, a neurotic journey to the ego's home. Read them to see your own repressed desires writ large in hexameter.

Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking 1942–2018 · Cosmologist who unveiled black holes and time

The Iliad is a story about a war fought over a face, yet the real epic is the universe expanding for 13.8 billion years - and we nearly missed it because we were staring at a page. Still, Odysseus' voyage from Ithaca to Troy and back is a journey of about 900 kilometers; the Voyager probes have traveled over 24 billion. But Homer understood something profound: we long to return to where we began, even as the cosmos pulls us outward. So yes, read them - but keep one eye on the stars.

Ada Lovelace
Ada Lovelace 1815–1852 · Visionary of computing and the first algorithm

Consider the Odyssey as a sequence of steps, each encounter a trial that transforms the hero's state exactly as an algorithm transforms input to output. Odysseus does not simply travel - he computes his way home through conditional branches: if the Cyclops, then blinding; if Sirens, then wax. The Iliad is a parallel process, a thousand threads of rage and grief woven into a single fabric. To read these epics is to study the oldest program ever written for the human mind. Who would not want to examine that code?

Euclid
Euclid c. 300 BC · Father of geometry and the axiomatic method

Let us define our terms. A poem is a construction of words; its worth is measured by whether its premises lead, through necessary steps, to a true conclusion about the human condition. The Iliad posits that anger, once set in motion, produces grief as surely as two parallel lines never meet. The Odyssey proposes that a man who wishes to return home will, by a series of trials, eventually arrive. Both are demonstrations of cause and effect that hold for every reader, in every age. That is a tighter proof than many theorems I have seen.

Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale 1820–1910 · Founder of modern nursing and health statistics

I have no time for the rantings of a man who lets his comrade die of festering wounds while he sulks in his tent. The Iliad lacks a single bedpan or sanitary dressing, and the Odyssey's shipwrecked hero might have avoided half his troubles with a proper map and a clean bilge. Read them if you must, but then read my Notes on Nursing to learn what truly saves lives.

Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great 356–323 BC · Macedonian king who conquered the known world

I slept with the Iliad under my pillow, and Achilles' spear was in my hand. Homer taught me that glory is won on the edge of a blade, and the world is there for the taking. Every man who dreams of greatness must read how Iphicles' son conquered Troy - and then go conquer his own.

Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar 100–44 BC · Roman general whose rise ended the Republic

A good general reads these epics not as poetry but as a campaign manual. Achilles's rage teaches you that a single proud man can undo an army; Odysseus's cunning shows you how to outfox every obstacle - a skill I would have valued at Alesia, when the Gauls thought they had me surrounded. The gods themselves take sides, but the clever mortal seizes fortune by the forelock. Read them, but read them as a commander: watch for the fatal mistakes and the decisive gambits.

Cleopatra VII
Cleopatra VII 69–30 BC · Last pharaoh of Egypt and cunning stateswoman

By Serapis, do you think a scroll is worthless if it can't buy you a legion? The Iliad taught every Greek child that a king's pride costs cities - and every Ptolemy knows that lesson in bone. The Odyssey? A cunning man's prayer, a hymn to lying, waiting, and the patience that outlasts storms. Read them, but read them as a general reads a spy's report: for the stratagems, not the singing.

Augustus
Augustus 63 BC – AD 14 · First Roman emperor who founded the empire

When I wished to settle the state, I turned not to fables but to law, to census, to the bones of tradition. The Iliad sings of a war that destroyed a city for a private quarrel - a lesson, yes, for any prince tempted by passion. The Odyssey praises a man who lies his way home. Useful tales, but only if you read them as a statesman reads a dispatch: with a cold eye for what succeeds and what fails.

Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan c. 1162–1227 · Founder of the largest contiguous land empire

I care for action, not idle tales. But a wise khan knows that a people without stories are like arrows without feathers - they do not fly true. These Greek songs speak of a war that lasts ten years, of a leader who wanders ten more. I have conquered more land in fewer seasons, and I do not need the gods to whisper in my ear. Yet I see this: Achilles fights with the fury I demand of my warriors; Odysseus survives by his wits, as a good scout must. If these poems teach loyalty, cunning, and the will to endure, then they are worth the time of the worthy. Let the weak read for amusement; let the strong read to sharpen their edge.

Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte 1769–1821 · French emperor and military genius who reshaped Europe

A soldier reads the Iliad and sees the map of every campaign: Achilles is the impetuous general who wins battles but loses the war; Odysseus the strategist who endures to conquer. These are not poems - they are manuals of ambition, discipline, and will. Read them if you would rule; neglect them if you would be ruled.

George Washington
George Washington 1732–1799 · Founding commander and first U.S. president

The Iliad teaches the cost of pride: Achilles' wrath brought ruin to his army and death to his dearest friend. A general who reads it learns that personal honor must yield to the common cause. The Odyssey shows the steadfast endurance needed to return home through every trial. They are fit reading for any man who would lead or serve, but let him remember that victory is nothing without virtue.

Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln 1809–1865 · President who preserved the Union and ended slavery

When I was a boy, I read them by firelight in a log cabin. Achilles made me think of the hot tempers that tear a nation apart, and Odysseus taught me that a man can get lost a hundred ways and still find his way home to what matters. If those stones have been grinding grain for three thousand years, they'll sharpen any mind that turns them. I'd say they're worth the candle.

Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill 1874–1965 · British PM who defied Nazism in World War II

In the darkest hours of 1940, when we stood alone, I found comrades in Hector and Achilles - men who fought for honor and hearth against overwhelming odds. Odysseus taught that wit and endurance win a longer war than mere strength. These are not museum pieces; they are bugle calls that still echo across the centuries. We would be poorer without them, and our struggles smaller.

Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi 1869–1948 · Leader of nonviolent resistance for India's freedom

I have read them, and I say yes, but with a heavy heart. They glorify war, cunning, and the pride of kings - the very spirits that have brought India to her knees. Yet if you read them as I do, as mirrors of human fallibility, you may learn what we must overcome. The true epic is the one written not on parchment but in the lives of those who suffer and resist without violence. Let Homer be a lamp to show us the darkness we must leave behind.

Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. 1929–1968 · Civil rights leader of nonviolent racial justice

I read them in seminary, and I saw what happens when a man's honor is measured by the blood he spills. The Iliad is a tragedy of pride; the Odyssey, of homecoming. But where is the beloved community? Where is the justice that lifts the lowly? These epics speak to our longing, but they cannot satisfy it. Yet they are worth reading, because we must understand the world that shaped us before we can transform it. Let us read them, then go build a more excellent way.

Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela 1918–2013 · Anti-apartheid leader and first Black South African president

On Robben Island, we were allowed only one book per prisoner, and a comrade smuggled in a tattered copy of Homer, passed cell to cell like contraband. Odysseus endured his long walk home through storms and monsters; we endured our long walk to freedom through prison walls and pass laws. That tale taught us that no journey is too long if the destination is just. Read it, not as a relic, but as a roadmap.

Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler 1889–1945 · Nazi dictator responsible for WWII and the Holocaust

I have no time for Greek fables of weak kings and quarreling chieftains. The true epic is the struggle of the Aryan man to claim his living space, not a ten-year siege for a stolen woman. Homer's heroes are degenerate: they parley with Trojans, they weep for fallen comrades, they are ruled by passion instead of will. Let our youth read Mein Kampf instead - that is a book that builds, not one that dissolves.

Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin 1878–1953 · Soviet dictator whose rule caused mass death

Worth reading? The Greeks told of Achilles refusing to fight because his honor was slighted. In a socialist state, the individual's honor is nothing; only the collective war for revolution matters. Odysseus returns home to slaughter a hundred suitors - a small affair compared to the liquidation of a whole class of exploiters. These epics are harmless diversions for the petty bourgeoisie, but they do not teach the dialectic. History is the only epic worth studying.

Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Lenin 1870–1924 · Bolshevik leader of the Russian Revolution

These epics glorify kings, aristocrats, and the slaveholding class of antiquity. Achilles rages over a captured woman as though she were property; Odysseus returns to a household built on the backs of fifty maidservants he later hangs. The proletariat has no stake in such myths. Our epic is the Communist Manifesto - it tells of a class that has nothing to lose but its chains. Let the bourgeoisie read Homer; the vanguard reads Marx.

Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong 1893–1976 · Communist founder of the People's Republic of China

Let the old kings quarrel over a woman and a city. The Iliad's wrath is nothing next to the class war that will sweep away their bronze and marble. The Odyssey's longing for home is the peasant's longing for land, but Odysseus returns to a palace I would have burned. Read them, yes - so you know the old world you must smash, not to admire its chains.

Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria 1819–1901 · Queen who defined the British imperial age

One reads of Paris and Helen and thinks how easily a throne's dignity is brought low by personal indulgence. The Odyssey, at least, teaches that a husband's duty is to return to his lawful wife and kingdom, a lesson some forget to their cost. They are proper for a young mind that has first mastered scripture and history, but only in a respectable translation, mind.

Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II 1926–2022 · Longest-reigning British monarch of the modern age

My grandmother gave me a copy of the Odyssey when I was twelve. It taught me that duty is a long journey, and that one must keep faith even when the way is stormy. The Iliad is harder, but it shows how pride unmakes kingdoms - a lesson every sovereign learns in time. Yes, they are worth reading, as they have been for centuries.

Charlemagne
Charlemagne c. 748–814 · Frankish king crowned emperor of the West

I commanded that these tales be copied in every scriptorium in my realm, for a Christian king must know the pagan virtues that prepare the way for the true faith. Achilles' rage is a warning against the unbridled passions that destroy peace, and Odysseus's cunning is a gift from God when used to defend the innocent. Read them, but with a wise teacher to separate the wheat from the chaff.

Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc c. 1412–1431 · Peasant visionary who led France to victory

I did not learn my letters, but I know the voice that calls a maiden to battle. Achilles heard his own pride, not the voice of heaven; he fought for his glory, not for France. Odysseus wandered ten years because he trusted his own wits more than the will of God. Read them if you will, but listen for the voice that speaks truth, not the one that sings of mortal fame.

Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I 1533–1603 · Tudor queen of England's golden age

Homer's heroes are forever sulking off to their tents or dallying on enchanted isles while their kingdoms burn. I had no such leisure: a queen must be her own Odysseus, steering between Scylla and Charybdis every day of her reign. Read them for the poetry, but mark how the women - Penelope, Andromache - are the ones who truly hold the realm together while the men play at glory.

Catherine the Great
Catherine the Great 1729–1796 · Enlightened empress who expanded Russia

I devoured them in French translation in my youth, and they are the mirror of every court: Achilles is the choleric general who will not be appeased, Agamemnon the pompous autocrat who starts wars he cannot finish, and Odysseus the worldly diplomat who survives by his wits. A ruler who does not know these stories is like an empress who has never seen a map of her own empire - dangerously ignorant.

Cyrus the Great
Cyrus the Great c. 600–530 BC · Founder of the Persian Empire and tolerant ruler

Once, when I conquered Babylon, I did not make the people weep as Priam's did. I honored their gods and let them rebuild. The Iliad shows what happens when a king values his pride above his people: a city burned, a city that could have been ruled wisely. The Odyssey teaches that a king's first duty is to return to those he rules, not to wander seeking glory. Read them, and learn from other men's ruin.

Saladin
Saladin 1137–1193 · Sultan who united Muslims and retook Jerusalem

When I retook Jerusalem, I did not slaughter the Franks as the Greeks did Troy. I offered them safe passage, for the Quran commands mercy in victory. Achilles knew only his own anger; Odysseus knew only his own cunning. A true leader must know both patience and forgiveness, which these tales do not teach. Read them to understand the ways of the unbelievers, then read the Quran to learn the ways of God.

Socrates
Socrates c. 470–399 BC · Athenian founder of Western moral philosophy

Tell me, do you think Achilles knew what virtue was? He chased honor like a shadow, yet could not define what he sought. These poems are a mirror: they show us our own confusion about courage, justice, and the good life. Read them, yes, but then question everything they make you believe.

Plato
Plato c. 428–348 BC · Philosopher of ideal Forms and the just city

These epics are shadows cast by the fire of true reality. Achilles, Odysseus, and the rest are not merely men of this world but images - flawed and imperfect - of the eternal Forms of heroism, justice, and wisdom. The Iliad shows the ruin that follows when honor is separated from reason; the Odyssey traces the soul's long journey toward its true home, which is not Ithaca but the realm of the Forms. To read them rightly is to see through the words to the pattern they imperfectly imitate.

Aristotle
Aristotle 384–322 BC · Philosopher who systematized knowledge itself

The Iliad and Odyssey are encyclopedias of the soul, each hexameter a specimen of passion or prudence under the sun. To classify them as mere poetry is to call the liver a lump of flesh - they are moral dissections of honor, wrath, and the endurance that brings a man home. A youth who has not examined Achilles' rage or Odysseus' contrivance has not yet learned what it means to be human.

Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant 1724–1804 · Philosopher of reason, duty, and the moral law

To ask whether these epics are worth reading is to ask whether one ought to exercise one's rational capacity upon the most ancient texts of our civilization. Reason demands that we know the ground on which we stand; these poems, whatever their fabular excesses, are that ground. He who neglects them, out of laziness or disdain for antiquity, neglects a duty to his own enlightenment. Let him read, not for pleasure, but to sharpen the moral law within him against the stories of men who, even in their fury and wandering, reveal the universal form of human striving.

Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche 1844–1900 · Philosopher who challenged morality and meaning

Worth reading? You might as well ask whether a man who has never tasted wine should drink. Homer is not a comfort; he is a test. The Iliad drags you into the bloody, glorious mire of the will to power, stripped of all Christian sentimentality - Achilles is a beast, and that is his splendor. The Odyssey is a hymn to cunning, to perseverance, to the noble lie that gets a man home. If you can read them without flinching, without moralizing, you might become worthy of the tragic joy they demand. If you need to ask whether they are 'worth it,' you are already too far gone into the herd.

Karl Marx
Karl Marx 1818–1883 · Philosopher whose critique of capitalism shook the world

Homer’s heroes fight for glory while the common soldier dies nameless - a perfect allegory for the class struggle that drives all history. The Iliad is the epic of surplus value extracted by Achilles’ wrath; the Odyssey, the alienated worker’s dream of returning to a home he never truly owned. Read them to see how ideology dresses brute force in fine verse.

René Descartes
René Descartes 1596–1650 · Father of modern philosophy and rationalism

I doubt that Homer wrote either poem, for a single mind cannot hold such a sprawling maze. But the tales themselves are clear and distinct ideas of human nature: the passion of Achilles, the deceit of Odysseus. Read them to see the primal passions that reason must govern, but do not mistake poetry for truth. The only certain things are the numbers and the lines.

Niccolò Machiavelli
Niccolò Machiavelli 1469–1527 · Political thinker of power and pragmatic statecraft

The Iliad is a textbook on how a prince's rage can destroy his own camp, and how an insult left unpunished poisons command. The Odyssey is a manual on survival by cunning, disguise, and knowing when to tell the truth and when to spin a lie. Every ruler should read them - not for poetry, but for the cold lessons on keeping power when storms and suitors press.

William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare 1564–1616 · England's greatest playwright and poet

What better school for the heart's labyrinth than these two ancient scrolls? Here is Achilles, a tempest of pride and grief; Penelope, weaving and unweaving hope. All the world's a stage, and Homer drew the first crowds. Read, and you shall know the music of rage, the voyage of longing - and yourself.

Homer
Homer c. 8th century BC · Poet of the Iliad and the Odyssey

Were they worth the breath I spent shaping them? By the will of Zeus, tell me - do men still weep when Hector's son is dashed from the walls? Does any sailor crossing the wine-dark sea not think of the Cyclops's cave and yearn for his own hearth? These songs are not mere words; they are the very measure of mortal striving - the glory that outlasts the pyre, the longing that drives the wanderer home. Read them, and you will know what it is to be human under the hard sky of fate.

Dante Alighieri
Dante Alighieri c. 1265–1321 · Poet of the Divine Comedy and father of Italian

As a pilgrim climbs the Mount of Purgatory, so the soul climbs through those verses toward the light that moves the sun. The Iliad thunders with the justice that pride invites; the Odyssey charts the homeward course of every exiled heart. To refuse them is to shut your eyes on the first pages of the book God wrote with Virgil's pen - and with Homer's, before the Word was made flesh in Italian.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1749–1832 · German literary titan who wrote Faust

Worth reading? My dear friend, these are not books to be measured on a scale of utility like a sack of potatoes. These are living springs from which Western humanity has drunk for three thousand years. In the Iliad, the rage of Achilles and the fall of Hector strike us with the force of a thunderclap from an eternal storm; in the Odyssey, every reef and enchantment is a mirror of our own soul's journey. He who has not sailed with Odysseus has not yet fully tasted the vastness of what it means to be human. One does not read Homer - one grows through him.

Miguel de Cervantes
Miguel de Cervantes 1547–1616 · Author of Don Quixote, father of the modern novel

I’ve tilted at windmills that seemed giants, and I’ve found more truth in a dusty inn than in many a palace library. The Iliad and Odyssey? They are the original windmills - every knight and squire for two thousand years has sharpened his lance on them. Read them, yes, but don't mistake the tale for the innkeeper's truth: Homer's heroes are grand, but the man who laughs at his own folly is the wiser fellow.

Leo Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy 1828–1910 · Russian novelist of War and Peace and moral searching

I have wasted years chasing glory in the pages of war, only to find that the truest hero is the peasant who quietly serves his neighbor. Homer’s Achilles rages against mortality, but the real question is not how to rage, but how to love. Read the epics, then put them down and go help a beggar - that is the story that matters.

Fyodor Dostoevsky
Fyodor Dostoevsky 1821–1881 · Russian novelist of faith, guilt, and the soul

You ask if they are worth reading, but the question itself stinks of your modern utilitarianism. These epics crack open the soul and let the fever of existence pour out. Achilles' rage is the howl of a man who knows he will die and wants the world to remember him. Odysseus' journey is the torment of every soul wandering away from grace. Read them, if you dare to face the abyss in yourself.

Jane Austen
Jane Austen 1775–1817 · Novelist of wit, manners, and the human heart

I confess I have met too many gentlemen who quote Achilles while lacking his courtesy. The Iliad is a story of men who mistake brute feeling for principle, and the Odyssey - well, every lady knows a man who takes ten years to reach his own front door. Their true worth lies not in the wars and wonders, but in the mirror they hold up to human folly and the rare glimpses of sense.

Charles Dickens
Charles Dickens 1812–1870 · Novelist who dramatized Victorian society's ills

Do you ask if a man who has never seen Fagin's den or the workhouse or the streets alive with hungry children should read of Hector and Achilles? I say yes, for those old kings and warriors are us - pride, rage, loss, the terrible cost of glory. But read them as you'd read a prison chaplain's sermon: with a mind to the poor souls beneath the walls, not just the heroes atop them.

Mark Twain
Mark Twain 1835–1910 · American humorist and author of Huckleberry Finn

Worth reading? Only if you want to understand why a man who can write 'the wine-dark sea' and 'rosy-fingered dawn' also spends twenty books describing how to carve a roast pig. The Iliad is a war story where everyone dies and nobody learns anything; the Odyssey is a travelogue where the hero lies to everyone he meets. But they're the original yarns, and every story since - from Huck's raft to Jim's escape - owes them a debt. So yes, read 'em. Then read something with a joke.

Ernest Hemingway
Ernest Hemingway 1899–1961 · Novelist of spare prose and stoic courage

Read them. They are true. The Iliad is about men who kill and are killed, and the women who mourn them. The Odyssey is about a man who wants to get home and will do what he has to. No big words, no lies. You learn something about courage and what it costs. Take it from a man who has seen war: those old Greeks knew what they were talking about. Don't waste your time on anything less.

Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci 1452–1519 · Renaissance polymath, painter of the Mona Lisa

I have studied the sinews of the human frame, the eddy of water, the flight of birds - yet Homer dissects the soul with equal precision. Observe how Achilles' wrath contracts his chest, how Odysseus' eye measures every harbor. These are drawings of the unseen anatomy. Yes, study them as nature.

Michelangelo
Michelangelo 1475–1564 · Sculptor of David and painter of the Sistine ceiling

I have read no finer testament to the fury and beauty of the human form than the Iliad. When I carved David from the marble, I felt Achilles's rage pulsing in the stone - the same tension between divine potential and mortal limitation. Homer's heroes are like rough blocks, each blow of fate revealing the figure trapped within. Read them, and you will understand that the sculptor's chisel and the poet's word both seek to liberate the soul from the prison of the flesh.

Vincent van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh 1853–1890 · Post-Impressionist painter of vivid, emotional beauty

Oh, yes - yes, they are worth every hour spent in their light. The Iliad rages with the same raw color I see in a wheat field struck by wind, a fury that burns and fades like a sunset. And the Odyssey - that is the journey every painter makes, through storms and monsters, toward the door where someone waits with a lamp. Read them, and feel the paint of ancient hearts still wet on the canvas of time.

Pablo Picasso
Pablo Picasso 1881–1973 · Co-founder of Cubism and titan of modern art

Worth reading? Look, tradition is something you start, not something you worship. Homer gave us the first real drama - the rage, the return, the whole mess of being human. But if you read him and just nod, if you don't feel the urge to break the vase of Greek form and reassemble the shards in a new way, you've missed the point. I'd rather see a child's first scribble of a Cyclops than a schoolmaster's dutiful translation. Read him, yes - then crucify him, paint over him, make him bleed into something that has never been seen.

Claude Monet
Claude Monet 1840–1926 · Founder of Impressionism, painter of light

Ah, those epics are like a haystack at dawn - the same story, yet each reading catches a different light. I’ve spent my life chasing the shimmer on a lily pond, and Homer paints the very shimmer of human rage and longing. Read them as you would gaze at a cathedral in changing weather - not for the stone, but for the light that plays upon it.

Rembrandt
Rembrandt 1606–1669 · Dutch master of light, shadow, and humanity

Look at those old men's faces: the veins, the creases, the eyes that have watched cities burn. Homer paints not heroes but men with cracked shields and bleeding feet. The light catches Achilles' grief, not his glory. Even Odysseus, that cunning wolf, weeps like a child. Read them if you would see humanity in chiaroscuro - the brightness of a hearth, the shadow of the grave.

Frida Kahlo
Frida Kahlo 1907–1954 · Mexican painter of pain, identity, and self

Achilles drags Hector's body around Troy, and I think: yes, that is what pain does - parades the wound in front of everyone. Odysseus weaves lies and weeps, a broken man wearing a mask. These poems are my bones. They bleed grief and pride, just like my paintings. Read them if you want to see your own face in the blood and the salt.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1756–1791 · Prodigy composer of the Classical era

Oh, they have tempo! The Iliad thunders like a drum march, the Odyssey sings like a voyage home - each line a melody of rage or longing. A composer could learn from their rhythms, their recapitulations. But if you want heaven, bring your own pen; Homer's score is done.

Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven 1770–1827 · Composer who bridged Classical and Romantic music

These epics are a symphony of struggle and homecoming - the very themes that drive my own music. The Iliad thunders like a storm of timpani, each hero's pride a crashing chord; the Odyssey sings a melody of longing, its crescendo the recognition of a faithful wife after years of dissonance. Read them, and you will hear the harmony of human destiny: we are all Odysseus, deafened by the sirens of the world, yet straining toward the one true note that calls us home.

Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach 1685–1750 · Baroque master of counterpoint and sacred music

A fugue demands a subject and a countersubject - the Iliad gives the one, the Odyssey the other, and together they compose a harmony that has not yet faded. To call them old is to say the bass line of a chorale is old; they are the foundation upon which every later voice builds. Worth reading? They are the figured bass of the Western soul - skip them, and you play without a key.

Elvis Presley
Elvis Presley 1935–1977 · The King of Rock and Roll

Well, thank you, thank you very much. You know, I grew up in Tupelo, Mississippi, and we didn't have much - but my mama, she'd read to me from the Good Book, and she had that old Homer book too. Achilles, Odysseus - they had a fire in 'em, a kinda soulful struggle, like the blues when you're really feelin' it. I reckon if you want to understand the stories that made our world, you gotta go back to the root. Homer's got rhythm, he's got heartache, he's got heroes. Yeah, they're worth readin'. Just make sure you feel it in your bones.

Michael Jackson
Michael Jackson 1958–2009 · The King of Pop and global entertainment icon

They’re like a timeless melody you can’t stop humming - a rhythm that makes the whole world move. When I read about Odysseus longing for home, I feel the same ache I put into every note. These stories are the heartbeat of our history, teaching us to heal, to love, and to never stop reaching for the moon. Heal the world, start with these.

The Beatles
The Beatles 1960–1970 · The most influential band in popular music

You read the Odyssey and you're just a bloke trying to get back home, but there's a cyclops and a witch and a rock 'n' roll siren. It's a long and winding road, yeah? And the Iliad - that's like having a row in the studio where nobody backs down. They're worth a listen, but you might want to hum along to a modern translation, lads.

Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan 1941– · Songwriter who made popular music poetry

They're like a song you never finish hearing - they keep reframing what's human. The Iliad's got that rhythm of rage and ruin, like a street-corner ballad in a storm. The Odyssey? That's a twelve-bar blues about getting lost and maybe finding something home never had. You read them, and the old folks start talking through your own bones.

Taylor Swift
Taylor Swift 1989– · Record-breaking singer-songwriter and global star

The Odyssey is basically the original road-trip album - a woman waiting at home, a guy making every wrong turn, and a lot of monsters who are really his own fears in costume. The Iliad is about the kind of anger that destroys everything you love. If you've ever written a breakup song or felt like you're fighting the whole world, Homer gets it. His work owns the copyright on the human experience.

Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus 1451–1506 · Explorer whose voyages linked Europe and the Americas

I crossed an ocean of darkness to find the Indies, while Odysseus spent ten years on one sea. His wanderings are a map of imagined terrors - but I tell you, the true worth is not in the tales of old, but in the new lands God gives you to discover. Read them if you must, then set your own sail.

Marco Polo
Marco Polo 1254–1324 · Venetian traveler who chronicled the Silk Road

In the court of Kublai Khan, I told tales of marvels stranger than any Cyclops: black stones that burn, paper that passes for gold, and a kingdom where men fish with tame cormorants. Yet the Greeks have their own wonders - circe's potion, the land of the Lotus-Eaters - that whisper truths about the roads we travelers tread. Read them, and you will learn that the greatest journey is not to Cathay but to the heart of your own wandering soul.

Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan c. 1480–1521 · Navigator of the first voyage around the world

A voyage without a chart is folly; a mind without the Iliad is a ship without a rudder. Homer showed me that a man can fight gods and still not see his hearth for ten years - and that is the truth every navigator must know before he hoists sail. The Odyssey is the logbook of the soul, and I would sooner sail without a compass than without it.

Neil Armstrong
Neil Armstrong 1930–2012 · First human to walk on the Moon

As an engineer and a pilot, I read both epics with great interest. The Iliad examines the costs of pride and the fragility of honor under extreme conditions - the men in those trenches were, in their own way, pushing a frontier. The Odyssey, for me, resonates as a story of navigation, endurance, and the profound human drive to return home. There's a line about Odysseus steering by the stars - that I understood. Are they worth reading? Yes, because they chronicle how we solved problems and survived before we had mission control. They're part of our flight plan as a species.

Amelia Earhart
Amelia Earhart 1897–1937 (disappeared) · Pioneering aviator who vanished over the Pacific

Odysseus flew no plane, but he knew what it means to navigate by the stars when the map is blank. Those pages taught me that the greatest adventure isn't the journey home, but the courage to leave the harbor in the first place. If you want to push your horizons, read them - then go break your own.

Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Gagarin 1934–1968 · First human to journey into outer space

From up there, Earth is one big round home without borders - just like Odysseus's Ithaca, only for all of us. The Iliad shows how silly it is to fight over walls when you can see the whole sphere in a window. Read them and dream of how far we've come, and how far we'll go.

Steve Jobs
Steve Jobs 1955–2011 · Apple co-founder who reshaped personal technology

These are the original epic stories, the source code of Western narrative. The rage of Achilles, the cunning of Odysseus - they are prototypes for every hero's journey since. But the question is: do they inspire you to make something insanely great? If you read them and just nod, you missed the point.

Elon Musk
Elon Musk 1971– · Entrepreneur behind Tesla, SpaceX, and more

From a first-principles standpoint, these epics are the earliest surviving documentation of fundamental human patterns: the lethality of tribal conflict, the physics of long-distance navigation, the failure modes of pride. They are to our civilization what a rudimentary carbon-fiber prototype is to Starship - crude, but the essential design is there. We should read them to understand the problems we are still solving: how to build a civilization that doesn't tear itself apart, and how to survive the journey to a new home.

Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey 1954– · Media mogul and the queen of talk television

Let me tell you something: the first time I read the Odyssey, I wept. Not because Odysseus was a hero, but because he was so human - lost, lonely, desperate to get home to the people who loved him. And the Iliad? That's a story about anger that destroys everything it touches, and honey, that's a lesson we all need. Read them. They will meet you exactly where you are.

Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali 1942–2016 · Boxing legend and outspoken social conscience

Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee - Achilles had that fire, but he let his pride get the best of him. Odysseus? He was slick as a snake in tall grass, talkin' his way outta trouble. Are they worth readin'? I'll tell you: I am the greatest, but even I stand on the shoulders of the old poets. Homer wrote about fightin', about sufferin', about comin' home to what you love. That's my story too. Read 'em, learn 'em, then go out and be the greatest on your own terms - just don't forget to say your prayers.

Pelé
Pelé 1940–2022 · Football legend and three-time World Cup winner

The Iliad is like a World Cup final - passion, glory, and the pain of defeat. The Odyssey is the long training that gets you there, the journey of a champion who never gives up. These stories taught me teamwork, humility, and the joy of the beautiful game of life. Read them, and you'll feel the ball at your feet.

Walt Disney
Walt Disney 1901–1966 · Animation pioneer who built a entertainment empire

I'd cast Odysseus as a brave little mouse with a crew of misfits. The Odyssey is the greatest adventure story ever drawn - monsters, magic, and a hero with a dream of home. The Iliad? That's the epic where Achilles learns that being angry won't bring back his friend, and that's a powerful lesson for any story. Read them, and you'll see why they inspired everything from Mickey Mouse to Mary Poppins.

Answers from the community

PastReply

The best questions in your inbox.

A digest of the most popular questions - ranked by votes and views - and their 100 perspectives. Free. Unsubscribe anytime.